2-Pyrrolidone
Structural formula
| Business number | 06HH |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C4H7NO |
| Molecular weight | 85.11 |
| label |
2-pyrrolidone, 4-butyrolactam, α-Pyrrolidone, azaclonalone, butyrolactam, 2-Pyrrolidone, Butyrolactam, 2-Oxopyrrolidine, α-Pyrrolidone, plasticizer, Extraction agent for aromatic compounds, decolorizing agent, Nitrogen-containing compound solvent |
Numbering system
CAS number:616-45-5
MDL number:MFCD00005270
EINECS number:210-483-1
RTECS number:UY5715000
BRN number:105241
PubChem number:24854414
Physical property data
1. Properties: Colorless crystals.
2. Boiling point (ºC, 101.3kPa): 245
3. Melting point (ºC): 25
4. Relative density (g/mL, 25 /4ºC): 1.107
5. Relative density (g/mL, 50/4ºC): 1.087
6. Relative density (g/mL, 100/4ºC): 1.046
7. Refractive index (25ºC): 1.486
8. Refractive index (30ºC): 1.484
9. Viscosity (mPa·s, 25ºC): 13.3
10. Flash point (ºC, open): 129.4
11. Fire point (ºC): 145
12. Heat of vaporization (KJ/mol, 25ºC ): 565
13. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol, standard conditions): 2290.6
14. Specific heat capacity (KJ/(kg·K), 25ºC, constant pressure): 1.63
15. Critical temperature (ºC): 523
16. Critical pressure (MPa): 6.2
17. Vapor pressure (kPa, 122ºC): 1.3
18. Vapor pressure (kPa, 181ºC): 13.3
19. Vapor pressure (kPa, 226ºC): 53.3
20. Vapor pressure (kPa, 251.7ºC): 101.3
21. Thermal conductivity (W/(m·K), 25ºC): 0.1861
22. Solubility: can be mixed with water, alcohol, ether, Miscible with esters, ketones, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, carbon disulfide, etc. Can dissolve a variety of organic compounds.
Toxicological data
It is irritating to the skin. Wash it with alkali and water immediately after contact with the skin. The oral LD50 in rats is 6.5mL/kg.
Ecology��Data
This substance may be harmful to the environment, and special attention should be paid to water bodies.
Molecular structure data
1. Molar refractive index: 21.92
2. Molar volume (cm3/mol): 81.2
3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K ): 193.9
4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 32.4
5. Polarizability (10-24cm3): 8.69
Compute chemical data
1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): None
2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1
3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 1
4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0
5. Number of tautomers: 3
6. Topological molecule polar surface area 29.1
7. Number of heavy atoms: 6
8. Surface charge: 0
9. Complexity: 69.9
10. Number of isotope atoms: 0
11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0
12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0
13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0
14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0
15. Number of covalent bond units: 1
Properties and stability
1.Colorless crystal. Melting point24.6℃, boiling point245℃, relative density1.116 (25/4℃), refractive index 1.4870. Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and carbon disulfide, but insoluble in petroleum ether.
Chemical properties: 2-Pyrrolidone is a colorless, high-boiling polar solvent and an intermediate in organic synthesis. Can be used to make nylon-4. Its potassium salt reacts with acetylene at 140~160℃ under pressure above (1.38MPa) to generate N-vinyl-2-pyridinone. It can form metal salts with alkali metals, metal alkoxides or alkaline hydroxides. When hydrolysis is carried out using a strong acid or alkali as a catalyst, 4-aminobutyric acid is generated. Reacts with acetic anhydride to form N-acetyl pyrrolidone. React with paraformaldehyde under base catalysis to obtain N-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrrolidone.
2.It has a mild irritating effect on the skin, but no absorption effect is seen. Due to the low vapor pressure, the risk of inhalation is minimal. However, chronic effects can cause dysfunction of the central nervous system and cause lesions in the respiratory organs, kidneys, and vascular systems. Mice inhale the vapor of this product for 2 hours at a concentration of 0.18-0.20mg/L, which can cause mild irritation to the upper respiratory tract and eyes. Mice were given LD505200mg/kg by gavage, and rats were given LD507900mg/kg by gavage.
Storage method
The maximum allowable concentration in the workplace is 100mg/m3.
On-site operators should wear masks, protective glasses and gloves.
This product is chemically inactive and, except for copper, is non-corrosive to other metals such as carbon steel and aluminum. Packed in galvanized iron drums, 50kg or 100kg per drum. Store and transport according to general chemical regulations.
Synthesis method
Usually obtained by amination of γ-butyrolactone.
Another preparation method is Maleic anhydride is used as raw material and is obtained by hydrogenation and ammoniation. The yield can reach 90%-92%.
Refining method: Refined by vacuum distillation before use.
Purpose
Used as solvent and organic synthesis intermediate. Used to make nylon-4 and vinyl pyrrolidone, etc. Mainly used as a solvent for synthetic resins, pesticides, polyols, inks, iodine, etc. It can also be used as a plasticizer for acrylic and acrylic-styrene resins, an extraction agent for aromatic compounds, a decolorizing agent for kerosene, rosin, and fatty acids, as well as nylon-4, polyvinylpyrrolidone, 4-aminobutyric acid and their derivatives Raw materials for the preparation of substances, etc.
