Diosgenin
Structural formula
| Business number | 05AC |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C27H42O3 |
| Molecular weight | 414.62 |
| label |
diosgenin, Diosgenin, Diosgenin, (25R)-5-Spirosten-3β-ol, 3β-Hydroxy-5-spirostene, Starting materials for steroid hormone drugs |
Numbering system
CAS number:512-04-9
MDL number:MFCD00016887
EINECS number:208-134-3
RTECS number:WH1450000
BRN number:94582
PubChem number:24893501
Physical property data
1. Properties: flake or needle crystal. 2. Density (g/cm3, 25/4℃): Undetermined
3. Relative steam density (g/cm3, air=1): Undetermined
4. Melting point (ºC): 207-208
5. Boiling point (ºC, normal pressure): 527
6. Boiling point (ºC, 8kPa): Not determined
7. Refractive index: Not determined
8. Flash point (ºF): Not determined
9. Specific rotation (º ): Undetermined
10. Autoignition point or ignition temperature (ºC): Undetermined
11. Vapor pressure (kPa, 25ºC): Undetermined
12. Saturated vapor pressure (kPa, 60ºC): Undetermined
13. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol): 92.2
14. Critical temperature (ºC): Undetermined
15. Critical pressure (KPa): Undetermined
16. Log value of oil-water (octanol/water) partition coefficient: Undetermined
17. Explosion Upper limit (%, V/V): Undetermined
18. Lower explosion limit (%, V/V): Undetermined
19. Solubility: Easily soluble in petroleum ether, Organic solvents such as ethanol and chloroform, insoluble in water
Toxicological data
1. Acute toxicity: Rat oral LD50: >8gm/kg, no detailed description except lethal dose;
Rat intraperitoneal LD50: 4872mg/kg, changes body activity;
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Mouse oral LC50: >8gm/kg, changing body activity;
Mouse abdominal LC50: 3564mg/kg, changing body activity;
Ecological data
This substance may be harmful to the environment, and special attention should be paid to water bodies.
Molecular structure data
1. Molar refractive index: 119.36
2. Molar volume (cm3/mol): 366.8
3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K ): 948.8
4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 44.7
5. Polarizability (10-24cm3): 47.31
Compute chemical data
1. Hydrophobic parameter calculation reference value (XlogP): 5.7
2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1
3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 3
4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0
5. Number of tautomers:
6. Topological molecular polar surface area (TPSA): 38.7
7. Number of heavy atoms: 30
8. Surface charge: 0
9. Complexity: 746
10. Number of isotope atoms: 0
11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 11
12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0
13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters : 0
14. The number of uncertain stereocenters of chemical bonds: 0
15. The number of covalent bond units: 1
Properties and stability
Use and store according to specifications, no decomposition will occur, and avoid contact with oxides
Storage method
Brown glass bottle with light-sealed packaging. Store in low temperature and dry place.
Synthesis method
1. Saponins widely exist in the plant kingdom, and are distributed in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, especially in Dioscorea, Liliaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Araliaceae, Fabaceae, Aesculaceae, Polygalaceae, The content is higher in plants such as Platycodonaceae and Scrophulariaceae. The main raw materials used for production are Dioscorea yam and Dioscorea yam (turmeric).
Soak the dried potato yam, crush it into particles the size of a thumb cap, then grind it into a slurry with water in a refiner, sieve out the fiber residue, and let the filtrate stand. The refining here must be fine, the fiber and starch must be separated, and the fiber must not contain starch, otherwise the saponin will be lost and the extraction yield will be affected. The supernatant is separated from the filtrate that is allowed to stand, and then the supernatant is concentrated to a slurry, extracted with ethanol, and precipitated with ether to obtain Chuanlong Guanxinning, which can be used to treat coronary heart disease. Add amylase to the lower starch liquid after removing the supernatant to convert the starch into glucose, filter, and hydrolyze the filter residue with hydrochloric acid, wash with water, and dry to obtain dioscorea saponin.
Purpose
1. Saponin is the starting material for the production of steroid hormone drugs and can be used to produce hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone, progesterone, etc. my country’s annual demand is more than 1,500t.
