Dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl sulfoxide
Structural formula
| Business number | 01EX |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C2H6OS |
| Molecular weight | 78.13 |
| label |
Dimethyl sulfoxide (medicinal), Methyl sulfoxide, thionyl bismethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO, Methyl sulfoxide, Sulfinylbismethane, Rare metal extractants, Dehydrating solvents for organic synthesis, Sulfur dioxide absorbent, synthetic fiber modifier, antifreeze, dye remover, dye carrier |
Numbering system
CAS number:67-68-5
MDL number:MFCD00002089
EINECS number:200-664-3
RTECS number:PV6210000
BRN number:506008
PubChem number:24893703
Physical property data
1. Properties: colorless, viscous, transparent oily liquid or crystal. Weakly alkaline, almost odorless, slightly bitter.
2. Density (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.100
3. Relative vapor density (g/mL, air=1): 2.7
4. Melting point (ºC): 18.45
5. Boiling point (ºC, normal pressure): 189
6. Refractive index (25ºC): 1.4795
7. Viscosity (mPa·s, 25ºC): 1.1
8. Flash point (ºC, opening): 95
9. Fire point (ºC): 300~302
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10. Heat of evaporation (KJ/mol, 25ºC): 52.92
11. Heat of fusion (KJ/mol): 13.94
12. Heat of generation (KJ/ mol): -197.66
13. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol, constant volume): 1793.16
14. Specific heat capacity (KJ/(kg·K), 25ºC, constant pressure) : 1.95
15. Conductivity (S/m, 20ºC): 3×10-8
16. Vapor pressure (kPa, 20ºC): 0.049
17. Vapor pressure (kPa, 30ºC): 0.101
18. Vapor pressure (kPa, 47.4ºC): 0.376
19. Vapor pressure ( kPa, 56.6ºC): 0.681
20. Lower explosion limit (%, V/V): 2.6
21. Upper explosion limit (%, V/V): 28.5
22. Body expansion coefficient (K-1): 0.00088
23. Solubility: can be mixed with water in any proportion, except petroleum ether, can be dissolved General organic solvents. At 20�Can be crystallized and refined step by step.
5.Create dimethyl sulfide (prepared from the reaction of dimethyl sulfate and sodium sulfide) and nitrogen dioxide (prepared from sulfuric acid and nitrous acid (produced by sodium reaction) at 60-80°C through a gas-liquid phase oxidation reaction to obtain crude dimethyl sulfoxide, which is then distilled under reduced pressure, dehydrated using molecular sieves, and then rectified under reduced pressure to obtain the finished product dimethyl sulfoxide. The main reaction formula is:
6. Use acetone as the buffer medium, add equal amounts of dimethyl sulfide and hydrogen peroxide, stir the reaction, and maintain the temperature at 20°C:
After the reaction is completed, dimethyl sulfoxide with higher purity can be obtained by direct distillation under reduced pressure.
Purpose
1. Can be used as organic solvent; reaction medium and organic synthesis intermediate. Very versatile. This product has high selective extraction ability and is used as a polymerization and condensation solvent for acrylic resin and polysulfone resin; a polymerization spinning solvent for polyacrylonitrile and acetate fiber; an extraction solvent for the separation of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons; used for Aromatic hydrocarbons; butadiene extraction, acrylic spinning; plastic solvents and organic synthetic dyes; reaction media in pharmaceutical and other industries. In medicine, dimethyl sulfoxide has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and has strong penetration into the skin, so it can dissolve certain drugs, allowing such drugs to penetrate into the human body to achieve therapeutic purposes. Utilizing the carrier properties of dimethyl sulfoxide, it can also be used as a pesticide additive. Adding a small amount of dimethyl sulfoxide to some pesticides can help the pesticide penetrate into the plant to improve the efficacy. DMSO can also be used as a dyeing solvent for synthetic fibers; a dye remover; a dyeing carrier, and can also be used as acetylene recovery; a sulfur dioxide absorbent, a synthetic fiber modifier, an antifreeze and a capacitive medium; brake oil; and rare metal extraction. Agents, etc.
2.Dimethyl sulfoxide is an extremely important aprotic polar solvent that is soluble in both water and organic solvents. It is widely used as solvent and reaction reagent and has high selective extraction ability. It can be used as an extraction solvent for the separation of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons; it can be used as a synthetic solvent for polyamide, fluorochloroaniline,
polyimide and polysulfone resin; it can also be used as a solvent for acetylene, aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide and other gases. . DMSO has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diuretic, sedative and other effects. In the pharmaceutical industry, DMSO can also be directly used as a raw material and carrier for certain drugs. It has strong permeability to the skin and helps drugs penetrate into the human body. It can also be used as capacitor medium, antifreeze, brake oil, rare metal extractant, etc.
3. Used as analytical reagents, such as solvents for electrochemical analysis, high-temperature solvents and gas chromatography stationary solutions. Also used as reaction medium.
